Clone REA213 recognizes the human CD354 (TREM-1), a 30 kDa member of the triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) family of cell surface receptors. TREM receptors are immunoglobulin 'superfamily' members and contain a single variable-type immunoglobulin domain. Human TREM cluster is located on chromosome 6p21. Expression of TREM-1 is found on the cell surface of myeloid cells such as neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages. TREM-1 signals via ITAM-containing adaptor DAP12 and serves as an amplifier of cell activation in response to triggers such as LPS. TREM-1 activated cellular signalling molecules and pathways lead to generation of pro-inflammatory response such as expression and secretion of chemokines and cytokines including MCP-1, MIP-1a, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, and TNF. TREM-1 acts in a concerted manner with other signalling receptors such as TLRs and Nod-like receptors, leading to an amplification of the initial response. Expression of TREM-1 itself is upregulated in response to presence of LPS, microbial products, and cytokines released during activation response. A soluble form of TREM-1 (sTREM-1) is also detected in fluids from patients with infections.

Additional information: Clone REA213 displays negligible binding to Fc receptors.