Background information
TGF-β1 controls inflammatory responses through chemotactic attraction and activation of inflammatory cells and fibroblasts. All three TGF-β members are synthesized as an homodimeric precursor of 390 residues, which is intracellularly processed by proteolysis into a 112-amino acid form. The resulting N-terminal latency-associated peptide (LAP) remains non-covalently associated with the TGF-β dimer, and the complex binds to another protein called Latent TGF-β-Binding Protein (LTBP), forming a larger complex called Large Latent Complex (LLC). The LLC is secreted into the extracellular matrix and prevents the binding of TGF-β to its specific cell surface receptor. Several extracellular factors, such as matrix metalloproteases, low pH, reactive oxygen species, and thrombospondin-1 can induce release of the active mature TGF-β dimer from the inactive complex. This sophisticated mechanism of activation is important for a fine-tuning of TGF-β signaling.
Applications
MACS GMP Recombinant Human TGF-β1 can be used for a variety of applications, including the culture of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells or the expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells.
Technical specifications- Identity/Molecular mass: 25572 Da, determined by mass spectrometry. This corresponds to the mature form of TGF-ß1 with two identical, non-glycosylated disulfide linked polypeptide chains (112 amino acid residues without pro-peptide LAP).
- Purity: ≥ 95 % as determined by RP-HPLC.
- Endotoxin content: < 25 EU/mg, as determined by kinetic Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay (Pharmacopoeia Europaea (Ph. Eur.)).
- Residual host cell DNA content: < 20 ng/mg, as determined by quantitative PCR specific for CHO genomic DNA.
- Residual host cell protein content: < 10 µg/mg, as determined by CHO HCP ELISA.
The product quality certificate of MACS
® GMP Recombinant Human TGF-β1 was adapted. Learn more
here.Quality statement
MACS GMP Products are manufactured and tested under a quality management system (ISO 13485) and are in compliance with relevant GMP guidelines. They are designed following the recommendations of USP <1043> on ancillary materials.
