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| Overview |
GM-CSF stands for human granulocyte-macrophage colony–stimulating factor. Human GM-CSF is a recombinant protein optimized for use in cell culture, differentiation studies, and functional assays.
Human GM-CSF can be used for a variety of applications including:
- Cultivation of hematopoietic progenitor cells from human bone marrow in semi-solid medium.
- In vitro generation of Mo-DCs (e.g. together with IL-4)1.
- In vitro differentiation of CD34+ cells towards eosinophils.
- Migration assays for eosinophils.
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| Details |
Background information
GM-CSF is a hematopoietic growth factor, which is essential for proliferation and development of granulocyte and monocyte/macrophage progenitors. It also functions as a growth factor for erythroid and megakaryocytic precursor cells in conjunction with erythropoietin. GM-CSF is secreted by various cell types including T cells, macrophages, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts in response to inflammatory stimuli and cytokines. In addition, GM-CSF is a potent chemoattractant for neutrophils and eosinophils and enhances the effector functions of neutrophils and macrophages.
Quality description
Research-grade cytokines are suitable for a wide variety of cell culture applications. They are sterile-filtered prior to lyophilization. Generally, endotoxin levels are <0.1 ng/µg (<1 EU/µg), and purities are >95%. The biological activity is tested in appropriate bioassays.
Premium-grade cytokines offer the convenience of high and well-defined biological activities and allow exact unit dosing for demanding applications. The biological activity is determined after lyophilization and reconstitution, and normalized to WHO/NIBSC standards whenever available. In general, endotoxin levels are <0.01 ng/µg (<0.1 EU/µg), and purities are >97%. Lot-specific certificates of analysis are available on request (macstec@miltenyibiotec.de). |
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| Figure 1 |
| Human GM-CSF activity assay. The biological activity of Human GM-CSF, premium grade was determined by proliferation assay using TF-1 cells. |
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| Details |
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| References |
| 1. Kandler et al. (2006) Int. Immunol. 18: 1729–1736. |
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