Human IL-1β
Description Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is a proinflammatory cytokine that is secreted mainly by monocytes and macrophages. IL-1β secretion has also been reported for a variety of other cells, including B cells, NK cells, dendritic cells, astrocytes, and microglial cells. It mediates inflammatory responses in B cells, T cells, and NK cells by inducing the production of cytokines, such as IL-2, IL-3, IL-6, as well as interferons. Upon exposure to IL-1β, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells synthesize prostaglandins and other derivatives of arachidonic acid. In addition, IL-1β is found in synovial fluid of arthritis patients, causing degranulation of basophils and eosinophils as well as activation of osteoclasts. IL-1β is mitogenic for mesangial cells, glial cells, and keratinocytes. Applications Human IL-1β can be used for a variety of applications including: induction of Mo-DC maturation, chemotaxis assays, investigation of IL-1 receptor signaling. Quality description Research grade Research grade is the standard quality for all our products. They are sterile-filtered and have passed an accurate quality control. Generally, endotoxin levels are below 0.1 ng/µg (< 1 EU/µg), and purities are higher than 95%. The biological activity has usually been tested employing appropriate bioassays, and a minimum activity is assured. Otherwise the ED50 value is given. Premium grade For demanding applications, selected human cytokines and growth factors are available in premium grade quality having a particular high and well-defined biological activity. They have passed stringent quality control criteria, and the purity is higher than 97%. The biological activity has been determined after lyophilization in direct comparison with the respective WHO standards. Certificates of analysis stating lot-specific biological activities are available on request. Furthermore, premium grade cytokines display the major characteristics of our line of GMP grade cytokines. Premium grade products are widely used, e.g, for the generation of dendritic cells and the cultivation of stem cells.		Figure 1 Human IL-1β activity assay. The biological activity of Human IL-1β, premium grade is determined by proliferation assay using D10.G4.1 cells.

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