Determination of classical toxic endpoints is often time-consuming. Since most toxicological outcomes are the result of altered gene expression, toxicogenomics can provide insight into these processes at an early stage. Thus, toxicogenomics offers the chance to optimize high-throughput screening by eliminating toxic substances from further drug development.
The PIQORâ„¢ Toxicology Microarrays include genes relating to apoptosis, DNA damage and repair, inflammation, cell proliferation and response to oxidative stress as well as xenobiotic metabolism (phase I / phase II enzymes).
PIQOR Toxicology Microarray is available as a convenient microarray kit or within the scope of Microarray Service.
Please see download area for "Further information"
On request - please inquire delivery time. |
| Gene overview |
Human: 1,264 genes
Rat: 1,252 genes
Genes are spotted in quadruplicates.
Apoptosis / inflammation
Caspases, NFκB metabolism, MAPKs, TRAFs, TNFs, CARDs, BCL-2 family, ras-related family, etc.
Cell cycle
Cyclins, cell division protein kinases, p53/p63/p73, etc.
Cytokine signaling
Cytokines and receptors, STATs, JAKs,
chemokines and receptors, toll-like receptors, SMAD, etc.
DNA repair and metabolism
Extracellular matrix
Collagen, laminin, matrix metalloproteases, TIMPs, integrins, etc.
Protein degradation
Groteasome components, ubiquitylation, etc.
Stress
Heat shock proteins, chaperones, calnexin family, etc.
Surface proteins of human leucocytes (CD nomenclature)
Transcription factors
Growth regulators, BZIPs, forkhead family, homeobox transcription factors, nuclear hormone receptors, etc.
Transporters
ABC transporters, organic anion transporters, etc.
Xenobiotic metabolism
Cytochrome P450, UGT family, various phase II enzymes, aldehyde dehydrogenases, alcohol dehydrogenases, flavin-containing monooxygenases, etc.
Six housekeeping genes
Human: ACTA2, CYPA, GAPDH, HPRT, TUBA, TUBB
Rat: ACTA2, ACTB, GAPDH, HPRT, RPS7, TUBA
Six controls
Herring sperm DNA, salt, four artificial control RNAs |
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| Figure 1 |
| PIQOR Toxicology Microarray |
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